Varicose veins in the legs

Lower extremity varicose veins are a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle (in more than 75% of cases) inherent in most modern professions.To stop the first signs of the disease, simply change nutritional habits and increase physical activity.The varicose veins in the legs are full of trophic ulcers.Therefore, it is inappropriate and insecure to start the state of health.

What are varicose veins?

The disease is directly related to venous blood flow.The more often the stagnant blood in the veins, the greater the likelihood of expanding its walls.A healthy body contributes to a total blood circulation (besides cardiac activity) for a regular reduction in muscle fibers.Thanks to the functioning of the muscles:

• The pressure increases systematically and decreases in the vessels
• Vein valves work harmoniously: they open and close according to heart rate
• Blood has no time to stagnate, the speed of its circulation allows you to pump in the middle of the veins.

If the blood arterial flow of the legs is facilitated by the power of attraction, for the implementation of the venous, the body makes additional efforts, pushing the blood from the bottom up to the heart.The incomplete closure of the vein valves is the cause of the destabilization of blood circulation.Blood staging between valves causes even greater expansion of the veins.This condition is called varicose veins.

Symptoms

If you do not pay attention to the first signs of pathology, there is a high risk of your subsequent progression in more serious stages.The results are potentially disappointing - until the beginning of death.Therefore, it does not delay with prevention and therapy, when the following symptoms appear:

1. Pain restrictions The lower limbs, increased fatigue is observed.
2. The veins of a dark shadow (bluish or reddish) are shaken above the surface of the skin.
3. Swelling of the legs (surface damage and deep veins), sometimes seizures are possible.
4. Pigment points on ankle skin, legs.

Neglected stages are characterized by the formation of ulcers.Its location is mainly the leg joint area.The above signals indicate a pathogenesis of varicose veins.

Stage I and II

They are caused by the presence of pain, nocturnal seizures on the legs, a sense of gravity.But diagnostic information does not indicate the presence of the disease.A vascular mesh, bluish nodules or "stars" manifests itself.The increased vein is visible and palpated.After a sharp load on the legs or long -term stay in a sitting position, the ships increase the volume.

Internship III and IV

They are characterized by the systematic swelling of the legs, especially at night, when the body can get tired in one day.In the morning, symptoms are reduced due to night rest.Next, the predecessors of trophic ulcers are presented:

1. Dark and unnatural skin tone (to black)-died to excessive accumulation of pigments.
2. Inflammation of the epithelial tissue of various intensity - from lower redness to vast eczu crying.
3. Atrophic processes of the epidermis, implying the cavities of a light shadow on the skin of the legs.

A trophic ulcer occurs due to lack of nutrients at the lower ends.In the last four stages of an ulcer, it acquires a chronic character and has not healed for a long time.

Varicose veins

Naive patients believe that if varicose veins manifest visually, there is nothing to worry about.The diagnosis can show the presence of a disease, even with the most minimal symptoms - severity, periodic tingling and unpleasant leg sensations.It is necessary to carefully treat your own sensations, especially with seizures or pain in calves.Prescribed medications, therapeutic procedures improve venous forviety in the legs, the state of the cardiovascular system of the entire organism.

Primary

It has an independent form of pathogenesis.It is determined by a genetic predisposition against the bottom of a congenital connective tissue anomaly, vascular walls.The interrupted blood circulation in these patients is natural.The thought -provoking factor of primary varicose veins is:

1. Overweight body weight
2. Pregnancy where the load on ships increases
3. Nososa or long -term socks with tight elastic bands
4. Daily activities that suggest a long -term stay in standing position

If the venous walls are weak from the moment of birth, any of the above circumstances cause the destabilization of blood flow and the development of the pathology.

Secondary

Reproduction and middle age women are subject to their development.Secondary varicose veins are a consequence of an inactive lifestyle, hormonal disorders, pregnancy, excessive leg stress.Pathology emerges as a complication of transmitted diseases of infectious or cancer genesis.The etiology of the disease includes traumatic vascular damage.Degenerative changes lead to the following phenomena:

• damage to the integrity of the venous valves
• deterioration in the muscle tone of the vascular walls
• Scarce fabric nutrition, lack of oxygen enrichment
• Violation of blood departure through the passage
• increased venous pressure
• The onset of trophic ulcers is the result of late therapy

During the treatment of tumors, infectious diseases of all forms of pathogens, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the legs.It is recommended to perform varicose veins and in a timely manner of appropriate exams.It is advisable to be in a position seated less time.The veins of the pelvis and hips are squeezed, which negatively affects their tone.

Reasons

The main factor in the etiology of varicose veins is genetics.In addition, no matter which areas of the body the disease was located in relatives.If the genre is inherent in a gene that carries information about the weakness of blood vessels, sooner or later it will appear if it contributes to this:

1. Sedentary lifestyle, long -term daily work activity in a seated or standing position
2. Excessive pressure on the legs associated with lifting or weight
3. Alcohol abuse, smoke, drugs
4. Lack of desire for physical exercises
5. Long -term use of high shoes

If the pathology is already diagnosed, it is necessary to start treatment as soon as possible.

Valve vein violation

According to the results of numerous clinical studies, the etiopatogenetic mechanisms that lead to varicose veins with valve deficiency are safely unknown.However, it is known that, with inadequate operation, the valves do not overlap completely to the vase lumen, which leads to the flow of blood and the development of stagnation.This leads to these violations:

• stretching the walls of the veins
• reduction of elasticity and the ability to restore the form
• Strengthening blood stagnation

As a result, disturbing symptoms in the form of edema, pain and trophic disorders manifest themselves.The work of venous valves is influenced by genetic and epigenetic factors: heredity, pregnancy, weight, physical activity, hormonal restructuring of the body.

Pregnancy

During pregnancy, women are at risk for the development of varicose veins.This is due to hormonal changes and increased load in internal organs, lower limbs.With each subsequent pregnancy, the risk of developing vascular violation increases.In this case, varicose veins may affect not only the lower limbs, but also a small pelvis, lips, uterus.

Klimax

During menopause, there is a restructuring of the hormonal background, which can lead to increased risk of varicose veins.Varicose veins can affect not only legs but also the pelvis organs, which is why violation is often confused with inflammatory diseases: cystitis, endometriosis.Varicose veins arise as a result of a decrease in the elasticity of the venous walls, as a result of which there is reverse blood cast through the vessels.

Prostate adenoma

Prostate adenoma is a pathological condition that is accompanied by prostate tissues and urinary output disorders.With the adenoma, complaints arise:

• Ucubsiative
• Weakened urine flow
• Involuntary allocation of urine, in particular, at night

After emptying the bladder, there is no relief, discomfort and mental stress.With a complete delay in the urine, the inflammatory process can develop, the risk of stone formation increases.In severe cases, intoxication and renal failure occur.The absence of high quality prostate adenoma therapy is full of complications, one of which are the varicose veins.

Reception of hormonal contraceptives

The reception of hormonal contraceptives is associated with a high risk of vascular complications: varicose veins, thrombosis.This group of drugs has a dose -dependent effect: Excessive estrogen risk is equivalent to a higher probability of thrombosis.With a hereditary predisposition to varicose veins, it is recommended to abstain from using hormonal means and considering the possibility of using other safer methods of contraception.

Hereditary predisposition

The hereditary predisposition is one of the main factors that leads to the development of varicose veins.In people with this risk factor, the formation of a fine vascular mesh is observed.In the first signs of a violation, it is important to direct efforts to prevent disease progression: use compression meshes, rut -based preparations, give preference to moderate physical effort, observe the way of drinking and making yoga.

Insufficient physical activity

The hypodynamic lifestyle usually leads to the progression of varicose veins.Care of appropriate physical exertion selection with existing varicose veins should be negotiated preliminarily with a phlebologist.Unmistakable benefits are brought to daily air walks on fresh air at a comfortable pace: at least 10,000 steps a day.The venous system loves moving sports.Of particular swimming benefit, running, cycling, scandinavian walk.It is recommended to exclude the implementation of exercises that may cause traumatic injuries from the lower extremities.

Overweight

Excessive body weight is a risk factor that increases predisposition to the development of varicose veins.The situation is aggravated when other diseases, hormonal changes, bad habits come together.People with varicose veins are not recommended to adhere to severe diet and mono diet, so the weight loss process should be as soft and natural as possible.When the patient directs efforts to normalize body weight, automatically decreases the progression of varicose veins.

In the early stages of varicose veins, venous blood exit decreases under the influence of hereditary and predisposing factors.Excessive body weight only exacerbates this situation.Pathological changes within valves and blood vessels lead to the activation of a special mechanism - "leukocyte bearing".This leads to the accumulation of leukocytes in the endothelium layers and the development of inflammatory reactions.The pathological process gradually extends to the entire venous vessel channel, causing bias and stretching of the venous walls, as well as valve deformation.

A harmful lifestyle

People who do not adhere to the basic principles of a healthy lifestyle usually face varicose veins.The situation is complicated with a real or inactive lifestyle, malnutrition, smoking, alcohol drink, standing static loads or sitting.Therefore, to avoid an additional progression of varicose veins, it is necessary to direct efforts to lifestyle correction: review the daily diet, normalize weight, if free of bad habits.

Lesions on the legs

Traumatic leg lesions are often complicated by varicose veins.A wide variety of damage can affect the state of valves and veins: a bruise of soft tissues, joint damage and violation of bone integrity.Any lesions of muscles, joints and bones lead to edema, violations of blood exit in the area of superficial and deep veins.

Stagnation can be triggered even by light injuries that require compliance with bed rest.Bone fractures are associated with a high risk of thrombosis.Medical statistics confirm that the risk of developing varicose veins in people who have suffered feet injuries is several times larger than the rest.If you get hurt first of all, efforts are directed to your treatment.In the future, medicines are selected to ensure the ideal blood flow and prevent the thinning of blood vessels.It is advisable to use compression meshes selected by a phlebologist.

Possible complications

In addition to the difficulties in movement, pain, varicose veins represents a threat to blood clots.They leave, causing a death.Due to the circulation of a torn blood clot, not only the vessels of the limbs, but also the pulmonary artery may suffer from blood flow.At the same time, thromboembolism is diagnosed with the relief of blood supply in the lung.Often, the consequences of varicose veins are:

• phlebitis
• Stagnant dermatitis
• Chronic venous deficiency
• Restless leg syndrome

Septic thrombophlebitis occurs due to purulent decomposition of a blood clot in the blood plasma.Aseptic phlebitis is a potential complication of injection in the vienna of special substances in order to blame your lumen (sclerosis).

Diagnosis

Doppler study is a standard diagnostic method for varicose veins.It is often used for primary suspicion of pathology without obvious external signs, provides clear ideas about its presence or absence.UZDS - Ultrasound duplex scanning refers to professional research methods.Combining the possibilities of ultrasound and dopplerography, UZDs can show:

• Vienna Cross -Size -Section
• The speed of movement, direction and intensity of blood circulation (color coding images are displayed on the medical equipment monitor)
• The condition of the valves, the venous walls (thanks to the topography of the ships)
• Specific expansion location
• The presence of blood clots, other obstacles to total blood circulation

Duplex diagnosis - “standard -ouro”, among other methods to study the varicose veins in the legs.This includes: occlusive placioography, radionuclid phlegiscentography, reflective rehoography, photoletSmography, CT, X -ray contact phlebography, direct phlebotonometry.With their help, the viability of surgical intervention is revealed.The procedures help identify the amount and location of blood clots, pressure within the veins, characteristics of blood flow disorders.

Treatment

In the early stage of disease development, local use - cream, ointments, effectively help.This therapy is convenient for home use.Only a few uses are able to reduce the symptoms of surface veins expansion by 43% by 10 to 14 days a day.Another way to strengthen the elasticity of the veins is a contrast shower or a bath bath.Under the influence of temperature difference, the vessels expand and restrict, thus improving their tone.For varicose vein prevention and therapy, they also use it:

1. The use of a chamomile and mint decoction, alcohol tincture in the white acacia flowers.
2. Wrap yourself with the dye of the horse's chestnut.
3. Rubbing the affected places of apple cider vinegar, containing many trace elements, vitamins.
4. Compress with white, blue or green clay, which can be found in a pharmacy.The recommended frequency of the procedure is twice a week.

Traditional medicine recipes complement prescribed drug treatment.But the following methods can only be applied after the approval of a phlebologist.The goal of therapy is to restore the integrity and performance of the veins.There are 2 ways to reach it: seize (paste) or cut blood vessels.

Laser treatment

The technique is based on the use of laser radiation thermal properties.The blindfold of light, introduced under local anesthesia in Vienna, increases the temperature of hemoglobin in the blood, as a result of which the vessel walls are "sealed" inside.Blood exit is redistributed to deeper veins.The radiation generated is pointed out, so it does not cause damage to surrounding tissues.

After some time, the new cells formed are absorbed.After the procedure, it is recommended to use a specialized mesh of a type of compression.It is important to abstain from excessive physical efforts and heels.Thanks to laser coagulation, it is possible to overcome varicose veins with a painless and minimally invasive way.

Sclerotherapy

It is prescribed in the early stages of the disease with a slight expansion of the veins.It allows to regulate the lumen of small vessels among the "grid" or "stars".The procedure is a standard injection without pain relief, the average manipulation duration is 7 to 14 minutes.The sclerosing substance performs the function of paste with the subsequent resorption of the conjunctive structure formed.As a result, varicose veins stopped in 10 to 14 days.The relapse of symptoms requires sclerotherapy re -rotating in exceptional cases.

Socks and socks

The compression underwear is classified by the length of: golf (to the knee), socks (for the thigh), socks (to the waist).They are recommended to patients during physical activity (including simulators or in a fitness room).Compression linen is suitable for long -term movements or, inversely, with a long stay in a sitting position.Medical meshes contribute to blood circulation in difficult periods for blood vessels.

The benefits of fair pants are invaluable: they compress veins, improving blood flow.Its production specificity is based on the main function - to help blood from below to the heart.Therefore, in the ankle area they are difficult and higher - they become freer.A similar purpose in elastic bandages that contribute to swelling, discomfort.But the meshes is more convenient, comfortable in the process of performing, removing, operation.Its voltage energy is installed by the manufacturer and the likelihood of sliding on the skin is minimal.

Surgical intervention

It is prescribed in the extreme stages of pathology, when the rest of therapeutic methods is ineffective.The most common operation is flexibility (resection of large vessels).Also maintained:

• Surgical interventions in a south of Saffer and Saffer-Penamen
• Amputation of the trunk of a large subcutaneous vein
• Intravasal plastic of deep vessels

Many are of opinion on the inadequacy of vein removal if they do not interfere in life.However, surgeons have their arguments on this subject: to prevent the danger of the formation of blood clots - first of all.An important role is played by the surgeon's professionalism.

Rehabilitation after surgery

Includes standard recommendations for lingafavenosis failure:

1. Activation of mobility in accordance with the permitted rules established by the doctor.First, you need at least occasionally knead your legs and then change to physical therapy exercises.
2. Using elastic linen of compression class 1-2.An alternative - flag with the imposition of fixing tours.
3. The use of venotonic medications: All types of ointments include and not just.Under serious patient conditions, local treatment with ointments containing heparin, antibacterial and hormonal are prescribed.Its goal is to reduce swelling, symptoms of dermatosis, dermatoliposclerosis;Improve soft tissue microcirculation.
4. Physiotherapy: lymphatic drainage massage (if there are no complications, for example, lymphors and cure wounds), magnetotherapy (up to 8 procedures for the entire rehabilitation period).
5. Relief of bruises, pain and inflammatory processes through the use of polyfering medications with pentoxifiline content, antiplatelets.

With a responsible approach to the above measurements, the recovery period should not exceed 3 weeks, maximum - per month.The procedures minimize the risk of blood clots, reduce the rehabilitation period.Contribute to the rapid restoration of total blood circulation, ability to work.Immediately after operation, the location of the legs in a slightly high state contributes to better blood circulation.Measurements can only be taken for 2 days, exclusively with compression mesh support to avoid relapses.In the post -operative period, it is strictly prohibited:

• Take hot baths or shower
• raise gravity, subject the body with excessive loads
• Use a hard cloth and body care products (hygiene procedures should be performed only with warm water)
• Remove crusts from scar wound spaces
• Subject to soft tissue infection operated (for the prevention of complications, local anti -support agents are used)
• Violate the prescribed diet and a calm lifestyle

The diet is required to include fresh vegetables, fruits and green that "alkalize" the body.Cook all dishes using purified water.It is better to replace salt - no strange impurities that scratch the vessels inside.

Prevention

To avoid varicose veins in the legs, it is sufficient to observe the main condition - daily, but moderate physical activity is required.Even patients with congenital defects of the venous walls can prevent the disease if the following recommendations are followed:

• Performing a leg electromystimulation is a simple but useful procedure available to everyone for use at home.Just buy a neuromuscular stimulant in the pharmacy and use it according to the instructions.
• During long flights or trips, the legs should be massaged - independently, with the help of pinching, light burning, rubbing.Massage will eliminate stagnant phenomena at the lower ends.
• Do not get involved in the use of nearby model shoes: heel height is directly proportional to the level of risk development risk.
• Hosting cold water is an effective way to tone the cardiovascular system.

After a long stay in a sitting position, you need to take a walk or roll in the foot position of the foot to the heel.The recommendations listed are useful for people with a type of work, help minimize the risk of varicose veins for drivers and sellers.